Hydrogel Holding Water during Drought will be Beneficial
Hydrogel Holding Water during Drought will be Beneficial
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The situation is called ‘drought’ or ‘drought’. Drought intensifies on the scale of irrigation. Drought is not a recent phenomenon. The districts of Ahmednagar, Aurangabad, Beed, Nanded, Nashik, Osmanabad, Pune, Parbhani, Sangli, Satara, Solapur, etc. are permanently lacking in Maharashtra. In the past, there was a drought in Marathwada and Vidarbha. West Maharashtra is also hit this year. Considering the current situation, it seems that the Marathwada tanker has become a tank. So the situation in Vidarbha is even worse. This year, Maharashtra received very little rainfall and in some places it received rains. As a result, water storage in dams and lakes of various places has decreased. Large dams received little water compared to capacity.
The Swedish astronomer Falcon mark has published some parameters regarding water availability and is world-renowned. Accordingly, if the availability of water is 5 cubic meters per annum, it is considered satisfactory. If its ratio is reduced from 1 to 5, then it is called water stress and if it is less than 1 it is called water scars. In the meantime, the water is going to be very low in Maharashtra around 5.
As the population is increasing day by day, the food and water needs of that population are increasing. Although producing drought-prone varieties and developing technologies for it, drought conditions result in reduced productivity of crops. What is more, when severe drought conditions arise, the crops can grow and die due to lack of water. As a result, the crop production of the state, the country decreases. In such cases, ‘hydrogel’ has emerged as a great option in the near future to reduce the adverse effects of agricultural drought.
What is ‘hydrogel’?
‘Hydrogel’ means a water vessel or a water gel in Marathi. This gel is a tasteless, odorless, non-toxic, rangoli powder. This powder has the ability to hold 5 to 5 times the weight of its own weight.
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Types of Hydrogel -
The type of hydrogel is affected by the polymers used in the production of a hydrogel.
Nature-made or man-made hydrogel
Hydrogel formed using identical polymers or using multiple types of polymers.
These are polymers that are chemically linked to each other. When viewed in a subtle way, its design looks like a mesh. That is, it has the ability to hold water as light as your cotton and hold it to itself. If the hydrogel powder is buried in any tree trunk, the powder itself will absorb the remaining water absorbed by the plant and store for several days along with the roots. This hydrogel can remain in the soil for 3 to 5 years.
A hydrogel is commonly made from petroleum materials, but the emphasis is on using natural polymers to prevent the use of hydrogel to affect the soil. Your usual use of edible oils, as well as multi-lemon juice, is being used to make hydrogel. This will also dissolve this hydrogel in fewer days. Depending on the type of crop, hydrogels can be made easily using some man-made chemicals and you can overcome water drought.
Japanese scientist Yuichi Mori has farmed without soil with the help of hydrogel. For this, they have made this hydrogel a thin and transparent paper. With the help of this, the cultivation of vegetables, tomatoes are done. So, because of the successful agricultural experiment without this soil, this technology is being used extensively to create a garden on the roof of a house.
Although hydrogel was invented around 1949, its usefulness in agriculture has been discovered only in recent years. To date, the use of this hydrogel has become more prevalent in the medical field. This is part of the gel used to give hair different shapes. This hydrogel is also widely used to release certain drugs in the body, such as cancer. These hydrogel microgel and nanogel are of different shape types, which are widely used in the medical field.
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A few days ago, a scientist in Switzerland, Stark, published an article about this hydrogel. It states that fifty percent of the world’s population lives in urban areas, and that number will soon increase to seventy percent. With this urbanization, the whole world is experiencing a shortage of energy and water. Natural sources should be used sparingly. For this, they have proposed the concept of a cold house using hydrogel.
How to use Hydrogel:
There are 3 ways to use hydrogel -
Dry method — Usually take 1 kg of hydrogel with one acre of hydrogel and mix it in dry and fine sand in a ratio of 1: 3 and put the mixture on the ground. For vegetable crops, add this mixture to the top layer of soil up to 5 cm. To save on the cost of jail, you should add this mixture only to the place where you are going to crop it.
Wet method — In this method, the granulated hydrogel is immersed in water and kept for 5 to 90 minutes. Hot water can be used to save time. Hydrogel content is 1 to 3. This gel is ready for use when it absorbs so much water to its full potential.
Water management is very important when using hydrogel mixed with soil. The hydrogel should not be completely dry due to the reduced use of hydrogel in the soil after drying. As the salts in the soil increase, the usefulness of hydrogel decreases. In summary, the usefulness of hydrogel is greater in soils with depressive soils than with higher soils. The hydrogel can also be used for mixing and spraying soil. Spraying can be mixed with microorganisms or hydrogel pesticides when spraying. All soluble fertilizers can be used with this gel. Hydrogel has the ability to be sprayed with pesticides.
Uses of Hydrogel:
- Increases the hydro capacity of the soil. Also, it reduces evaporation from the soil.
- Leaching roots reduce the exposure of wastewater and food crops to the maximum availability of crops.
- Improves the physical properties of the soil by keeping the air in the soil, keeping the soil underground.
- By providing water and foodstuffs to the root area of the crop, there is strong growth of the crop. It also enhances the efficiency of the roots by increasing their mesh. It also protects the roots from the fungi and roots.
- Reduces soil runoff as well as sun exposure. It also holds rainwater.
- It leaves the soil environment free for long periods of time. As a result, the irrigation of crops is stopped. When drought conditions arise, the crop survives even when water is stressed.
- Reducing the stress of reappraisal reduces the risk of crop failure during reapplication.
- Planting air in the soil results in more germination of seeds and root growth.
- Mixing fertilizers with fertilizers and putting them in the soil will provide food crops for a long time.
- Reduces water stress, and also reduces the time interval for irrigating the crop.
- Used in combination with ‘cellulose mulch’ enhances soil penetration and inclusion capacity.
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Storage and preventive measures:
For better use of hydrogel, hydrogel should be stored in a dry place while storing. Some hydrogels can be stored for up to 3 years.
Although hydrogel is safe for soil, crops, and animals, some restrictive care is required when using this gel. The hydrogel can cause redness, itching of the eyes, itching of the skin, bruising on the skin, etc. when exposed to direct contact with the eyes or skin. For this, the sun should be worn with sunscreen and a face mask or mask should be used as a restrictive means. Hydrogel should not be used without the use of gloves.
There are many scientific experiments in agriculture in our country. Some such experiments have proved to be a boon for Indian agriculture, which is a boon for low water regions. The hydrogel, named “Pusa Hydrogel”, has been developed by the Indian Agricultural Research Center, New Delhi, in line with the Indian environment. This ‘wipe hydrogel’ is capable of operating at a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius, saving water and fertilizers up to 5 percent. After being in the soil for about a year, it will naturally rot in the soil. The National Research Development Authority, the Ministry of Science and Technology and Reliance Industries Group are jointly producing these gels professionally. Also, a private company based in Chennai has signed a legal agreement with the National Research Development Authority regarding this gel manufacturing technique. The gel costs around Rs 5 per kg. Like ‘Pusa Hydrogel’ Luguasorb,
Synthetic hydrogels are cheaper than organic hydrogels, but they do not rinse in the soil quickly after evaporation; Dimensional soil pollution occurs. It is more appropriate to use organic hydrogel. For hydrogel, contact the Agriculture Service Center, Agricultural Science Center, Agricultural College, Agricultural University, etc. in your area.
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